Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies

Undercover

e-admin e-admin — 2023-12-28

Undercover

Impresum

e-admin e-admin — 2023-12-28

Impresum

e-admin e-admin — 2023-12-28

Table of contents

206. VIABILITY AND PERFORMANCE INVESTIGATION OF SMALL WIND TURBINES

Maja Celeska Krstevska — 2023-12-28

In the past decades, extensive and exhaustive research has been done on the analysis of the operation of large wind turbines, but detailed analyses on small wind turbines are still rare. In addition, two current situations are considered: i) the exhaustion of the possibilities for designing new large wind fields, and ii) the energy crisis, which is particularly current in Europe, so it comes naturally to analyze the possibilities for exploitation of small wind turbine-sdefined according IEC 61400-2 standard. The paper analyzes five potential locations in North Macedonia. Based on two-year measurement period at those locations, the probability distribution of wind speeds was obtained and integrated with the power curve for a specific turbine, the electricity production of four different, commercially available, small wind turbines was investigated. Three wind turbines are horizontal axes wind turbines, with installed power in the range of 3–50 kWp and one is vertical axis wind turbine with installed power of 4 kWp. In accordance with the Rulebook for amending and supplementing the rulebook for renewable energy sources from June 2022, calculations have been made for the profitability of energy production from grid-connected small wind turbines. Finally, a graphical comparative analysis of different models of small wind turbines for all locations is presented, and conclusions and further directions and recommendations for optimal utilization of wind energy are given.

207. GAP ANALYSES BETWEEN THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK OF THE ELECTRICITY SECTOR IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA AND THE EUROPEAN LEGISLATION

Aleksandra Krkoleva Mateska — 2023-12-28

This paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation of the ongoing development of legislation within North Macedonia's electricity sector when compared against the corresponding legal framework of the European Union (EU). Specifically, the initial overview promptly identifies North Macedonia's strategic alignment within the EU's political sphere and emphasizes the imperative need for consistent harmonization of national laws. Moreover, it becomes evident that achieving full EU harmonization in the electricity sector necessitates cooperation and the fulfilment of obligations stipulated in the Energy Community (EnC) Treaty. This treaty holds particular significance for North Macedonia as it stands as the country's legally binding agreement with the EU. Hence, monitoring the consistent fulfilment of the treaty requirements, along with assessing the stance adopted by competent institutions and the perceptions of professionals and the broader public in North Macedonia, portrays an overall image of the nation's readiness and commitment to the reform process in preparation for EU accession. Furthermore, given the dynamic nature of EU energy law evolution, especially amid the current tumultuous state of energy crises, EnC Contracting Parties consistently lag in the transposition and implementation of these laws. This paper delineates the imminent pending obligations that North Macedonia must address within this ongoing process.

208 ASSESSMENT OF THE FUTURE FLEXIBILITY NEEDS OF THE MACEDONIAN POWER SYSTEM

Stojan Malčeski — 2023-12-28

To achieve the strategic goals in the energy sector during the ascension path towards the European Union, North Macedonia has set ambitious goals in the Macedonian strategic framework for the power sector. Namely, the investment plans in conventional generation technologies are ambiguous, while the planned investments in variable renewable energy sources (VRES) are quick paced. Furthermore, with interest in VRES investment with total installed capacities above the hourly load during hours of maximal VRES generation, it is crucial to assess the future flexibility needs of the Macedonian power system. This paper uses multiple metrics to obtain a high-level estimate of the system inertia and flexibility needs of the Macedonian power system on a mid-term planning horizon. The system inertia and flexibility need estimates are calculated using a multi-scenario approach where the model dispatch is calculated using a Monte Carlo optimization on a market model enclosing Southeast Europe. The obtained results give a high-level estimate of the evolution of flexibility needs and system inertia of the Macedonian power system on a mid-term planning horizon.

209. OVERVIEW OF DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS

Goce Stevanoski — 2023-12-28

The rapid advances in the new digital world are producing vast amounts of data. This gives more opportunities in business management, but it can also help in implementing new security techniques. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are enforcing processes for analyzing network data. This study is reviewing the main Deep Learning approaches for intrusion detection in IT network traffic. In the beginning, the study gives an overview of the various IDS types and their usability in the IT network. Then it presents some of the most used Deep learning techniques proposed by the research community in recent years. By analyzing various papers on the subject, current achievements, and limitations in developing IDS are detected and presented. The study ends by providing the future reach of the newly proposed Deep Learning techniques in monitoring and detecting malicious activities in network traffic.

210. DATABASE DESIGN IN A BLOCKCHAIN-BASED SYSTEM FOR GENERATING AND VERIFYING ACADEMIC CREDENTIALS

Avni Rustemi — 2023-12-28

The management of data and their storage in the database for an indefinite time, whether in a centralized or decentralized form, is of great importance for the operation of the system and its efficiency. One of the challenges that decentralized systems are facing is the lack of decentralized management of databases, because they have limitations in terms of inserting, updating, and deleting data. The generation of diplomas is a more sensitive issue and one of the reasons why it has not been digitized to date is the fact that centralized systems do not offer sufficient security for the generation of such documents, since the same systems must be controlled by third people or administrators of the system, where there is also the suspicion of data misuse. Through the paper, we will compare centralized and decentralized databases, the operation of decentralized databases and finally present a scheme of our visio

211. CONTRIBUTION TO IMPROVED MEASUREMENT AND CALIBRATION CAPABILITIES IN THE FIELD OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS FOR HIGH-FREQUENCIES

Gorgi Dimitrovski — 2023-12-28

In the paper, analysis of the measurement infrastructure for examination and calibration of measuring instruments (oscilloscopes and counters) at extremely high-frequencies at the international, regional and national levels is made. The analysis is carried out within the framework of the scientific research project “Development and Upgrade of Laboratory Resources for Research and Introduction of New Analytical Methods in Electrical Metrology”, which is implemented under the program for financing scientific and research projects of public interest for 2021 by the Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of North Macedonia. The main emphasis of the paper is on the development of a procedure and calculation of measurement uncertainty for the calibration of high-frequency meters, according to Euramet Guideline No.7, Calibration of Oscilloscopes. The paper describes the newly installed reference standard measurement system in the Laboratory for Electrical Measurements at UKIM-FEEIT for calibration of instruments for high frequencies, as well as specific measurement results, evaluation of the budget of measurement uncertainties, and established traceability chain in the field of high frequencies.

212. MECHANICAL DESIGN OF A LOW-COST 3D PRINTED ARTIFICIAL FOREARM PROSTHESIS WITH THE ABILITY FOR INDIVIDUAL FINGER CONTROL

Blagoj Hristov — 2023-12-28

Artificial prosthesis technology has had a renaissance in recent years, although the improved and natural control coupled with fast and fluid movements have led to devices which are very expensive and not attainable by the majority of people who need them. In this paper we present a mechanical design of a low-cost 3D printed artificial forearm prosthesis which has the ability for individual finger control using a sophisticated software solution by incorporating artificial intelligence. By using two actuators for each finger instead of one we allow for more precise and robust movements of the prosthetic, and by using affordable yet high-torque servomotors we can keep the price low while offering performance similar to much more expensive devices available on the market. The use of 3D printing is also used in order to drive down the cost of the prosthesis, by implementing materials which are inexpensive yet light, strong and durable.

213. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SWITCHING PERFORMANCES AND EFFICIENCY OF GAN, SIC AND SI BASED DC-DC CONVERTERS

Marko Kamilovski, — 2023-12-28

Wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductors offer many advantages over conventional silicon (Si) based devices such as faster switching speeds, lower internal capacitances, smaller size, lower power losses and higher efficiency. Due to their exceptional properties, these materials have gained significant attention in the field of power electronics. The wide bandgap of GaN (gallium-nitride) and the high-temperature tolerance of SiC (silicon carbide) make them ideal candidates for various power applications, from electric vehicles to renewable energy systems. This paper analyzes the overall efficiency and switching performances of three topologies of DC-DC converters in GaN technology and compare them with Si and SiC counterparts. The simulation results for the switching frequencies in the range of 100 kHz to 500 kHz show that the GaN based DC-DC converters provide smaller switching times and superior efficiency when compared to the same Si or SiC based DC-DC converters.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

e-admin e-admin — 2023-12-28

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS